Thales has reached a significant milestone with its TH1507U gyrotron, developed in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics specifically for the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator. The gyrotron has achieved a total output of 1.3 megawatts in radiofrequency at a frequency of 140 gigahertz for a continuous duration of 360 seconds.
This advanced gyrotron plays a crucial role in the Wendelstein 7-X project by providing heating and stabilization of the plasma, which are essential for attaining the temperatures required for magnetic confinement nuclear fusion. The Wendelstein 7-X project not only aims to enhance fundamental understanding of plasmas but also to contribute to the development of commercial fusion reactors, paving the way for a clean and sustainable energy source.
To achieve nuclear fusion, a process where two light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus that releases massive energy, a gas must be heated to create a plasma, which is then confined by a powerful magnetic field. Thales stands out as a global leader in the design and manufacturing of plasma heating systems and is the only European manufacturer of “Gyrotron” electronic tubes. These high-power vacuum tubes heat plasma to temperatures ten times greater than those found at the core of the sun, which is essential for initiating nuclear fusion reactions through magnetic confinement.
The TH1507U gyrotron was developed in partnership with the European Gyrotron Consortium (EGYC), aimed at establishing an autonomous European source of highly reliable gyrotrons. Operating at a strategic nominal frequency of 140 GHz, these reactors can also adapt to other frequencies.
Wendelstein 7-X, the world’s largest stellarator, is a cutting-edge research center focused on nuclear fusion by magnetic confinement. Inaugurated in 2015 and located in Germany, it explores and optimizes plasmas that can reach temperatures of several million degrees Celsius in a stable and controlled environment. The facility launched its latest experimental campaign in September 2024.
“The world record set by our Gyrotron marks a significant milestone in the race for fusion and illustrates our commitment to technological innovation and excellence,” said Charles-Antoine Goffin, Vice President of Microwave & Imaging Sub-Systems at Thales. “This technological breakthrough positions Thales at the forefront of high-power plasma heating solutions, essential for addressing the energy challenges of tomorrow.”
Nuclear fusion is increasingly seen as a viable solution for creating a clean energy source, as it does not produce greenhouse gases and relies on resources that are abundant in nature. This technology is viewed as a key opportunity to tackle two pressing challenges: the need to reduce global carbon emissions and the ever-growing demand for energy across various sectors, including transportation, construction, agriculture, and the digital industry.
